William c



Miren STATESl AfrnNT Fries,

WILLIAM C. BAKER, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BAKER HEATER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE. l

`CAR-HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 447,100, dated February 24, 1891.

Application filed J' une 11, 1890.

ent length from the pipes upon the other side I of the car-and one system of heating-pipes offers more resistance to the circulation of the water-than the other. Tne consequence is that where the two systems are connected as branch pipes to one coiled pipe within the lirechamber the heating-pipes upon one side of the car are often very much hotter than those upon the other side of the car, and this difficulty arises to an equal extent where there are two heating devices-such as a steam-heater and a fire-heater-acting upon one or more sets or systems of heating-pipes that are united by branches with the circulating-coils.

The object of the present invention is to insure an equal heating action in two systems of radiating-pipes receiving heat from either the fire in the chamber or from steam, and I arrange the connections and the heating-pipes in such a manner as to insure uniformity of circulation and to make use of ire as a source of heat, or steam, or both.

In the drawing I have represented a diagrammatic View of the circulating systems and a section of the steam-heating device and of the expansion-vessel.

' The systems of radiating pipes, coils, or radiators within the car are to be of any desired character, and there are two systems, one of which terminates at the pipes A A and the other of which terminates at the pipes B B, and there are two coils C and C in the firechamber. These coils are preferably of the same or nearly the saine size as the pipes A A B B', and the general contour of the coils is conical, and L prefer to bend the tubes in formingthe coils so that the coil C will set closely up against the under side of the coil C, in order that the proper space maybe left between the respective convolutions for the heat to act equally upon both pipes of the coilWith- Serial No. 355,033. (No model.)

out necessarily enlarging the fire-chamber or interfering` with the proper combustion of the fuel, and the coil C is connected at its lower end with the pipe A of the system of circulating-pipes A A and the coil C isconnected at its lower end with the pipe B of the system of heating-pipesB B', andthe outer and upper ends of the Vcoils C C are connected by rising pipes I) D- to the water-reservoir or expansion-vessel E,which expansion-vessel is sufficientlylarge to allow for the expansion of the water in the two vsystems of radiating-pipes, and from thiseXpansion-Vessel E the descending circulating-pipe E connects with the pipe B of onecirculating system and the-descending pipe F connects with the pipe A of the other circulating system.

I prefer to make the expansion-vessel E either in the form of two separate vessels of ordinary size and charactei-,or to divide such expansion-vessel into two parts by a partition G, having a sniallopening 2 at the bottom be low Ythe water-line and a larger opening' 3 above the water-line. 'lo this expansion-Vessel E the ordinary filling-cock H and funnel I are atlixed, together with a safety-valve or safety-vent, as at K, which parts may be of any desired character.

It will be understood that there being two circulating` systems for the car and in consequence of one often having a greater resistance than the other, it is preferable to keep the two systems separate throughout, so that the hot water may not follow the route of least resistance, as might be the case if one expansion-vessel E only were made use of or in case the partition G were dispensed with,and under all circumstances the lire heat acting upon the coils C C and heating the water in such coils it becomes lighter, so that the heavier Water in the descending columns I1 F insures a perfeet, rapid, and nearly uniform circulation through the respective circulating coils or systems of heating-pipes in the car.

The small opening or pipe at 2 between theA two expansion-vessels or separate chambers of the expansion-vessel allows for the Waterlevel to be the same in both vessels, and this opening is not sufficiently large to interfere with the action of the separate circulating ICO systems, and the opening at 3 or a pipe between two expansion-vessels will allow hot water or steam to pass from one to the other in case the pressure becomes excessive, and the safety-vent K is ruptured, or a safety-valve at this pointmay be opened by the pressure.

It is advantageous to provide means for heating the water in the separate circulating systems by the action of steam. \Vitl1 this object in View I provide, whenever desired, the coils L L', which are preferably of copperl and areintroduced above the fire-chamber of the heater as part of the ascending circulating system between the coils in the lire-chamber and the expansion-vessel. These coils are inclosed, preferably, by one chamber or vessel M, to which steam is admit-ted by a pipe N and cock O, and the water of condensation passes oft' by the pipe P from the bottom ot' the vessel M. The steam admitted by the pipe M will usually be supplied from the locomotive by suitable pipes extending along the train ot cars.

It will be apparent that where the cars are intended for very cold climates it is often necessary to increase the heating capacity of the apparatus. The present invention allows for so doing without requiring a second fire. By using two expansion Vessels connected together the watercan be supplied at one opening, only one safety-Vent is needed., and the vessels can be located eithertogetheror separate at opposite sides of the sn1oke-pipe,`or wherever most convenient and without changing the general arrangements of the heating apparatus, and ample capacity is provided for expansion, which is found in practice to be of advantage, especially when the heating capacity is increased.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, in a heating apparatus, of two separate systems of pipes or radiators con-taining circulating water, two separate coils in the fire-chamber, two expansion-vessels connected below the water-line, a supplycock and safety-vent, andconnections between the expansion-vessels and the coils and between the expansion-vessels and the systems of circulating radiator-pipes, substantiallyas set forth.

2. The expansion-vessel for car-heating apparatus having a partition and openings therein above and below the water-line, substantially as specified.

The combination, in car-heating apparatus, of two systems of pipes or radiators for circulating water, an expansion-vessel divided into two parts and having connect-ing openings above and below the water-line, and supply-cock and safety-ven t, two co-ils in one rechamber, connections from the expansionvessel to the upper ends of the coils and to the systems of heatingpipes and connections from the other ends of the systems of heatingpipes to the lower ends of the coils in the firechannber, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this wth day of June, 1890.

W. C. BAKER. Witnesses:

GEo. T. PLNGKNEY, WILLIAM G. MoTT. 

